If you are learning Spanish, you already know that translating the English verb to be can be tricky. While the verb ser is used for permanent characteristics, the verb estar is your go-to word for temporary states and locations.
Before reading our list of 50 sentences in Spanish using Estar, it is crucial to understand the rules behind them. A great trick for English speakers is to remember the acronym PLACE. We use the verb estar to express:
- Position: Physical posture or position (e.g., Estoy sentado - I am sitting).
- Location: Where someone or something is right now (e.g., El libro está en la mesa - The book is on the table).
- Action: Ongoing actions using the present progressive (e.g., Estamos comiendo - We are eating).
- Condition: Physical or mental states that can change (e.g., Estoy cansado - I am tired).
- Emotion: How you are feeling at a specific moment (e.g., Ella está feliz hoy - She is happy today).
Below, you will find 50 practical examples categorized to help you see these rules in action, complete with their English translations.
Sentences using the verb estar in Spanish
- Estoy cansado. Voy a dormir.
I am tired. I'm going to sleep. - Ella está en Barcelona ahora mismo.
She is in Barcelona right now. - Mi coche está averiado.
My car is broken down. - El bolso está vacío.
The bag is empty. - Ellos están muy contentos.
They are very happy. - Ana está casada con Roberto.
Ana is married to Roberto. - La botella está llena de zumo de naranja.
The bottle is filled with orange juice. - El libro está encima de la mesa.
The book is on the table. - Ella estaba muy guapa con ese vestido.
She looked very pretty in that dress. - Estoy sediento. ¿Me puedes dar un vaso de agua, por favor?
I'm thirsty. Can I have a glass of water, please? - Estoy triste.
I am sad. - El cristal de la ventana está roto.
The window glass is broken. - La caja está debajo de la cama.
The box is under the bed. - ¿Cómo estás?
How are you? - Vosotros estáis en Barcelona, pero yo estoy en Madrid.
You are in Barcelona, but I am in Madrid. - Estoy muy emocionada por las últimas noticias.
I am very excited about the latest news. - Esta canción me hace estar alegre.
This song makes me happy. - El libro está en el salón.
The book is in the living room. - ¿Dónde está tu hermana?
Where is your sister? - ¿Por qué está la camisa en el suelo?
Why is the shirt on the floor? - ¿Cuándo estará a la venta este videojuego?
When will this video game be available? - Mi hermano está en la escuela.
My brother is at school. - Estoy pensando en comprar un nuevo colchón.
I am thinking of buying a new mattress. - Estamos preocupados por él.
We are worried about him. - La comida está deliciosa.
The food is delicious. - Esas zapatillas están rotas.
Those shoes are broken. - La ropa está sucia.
The clothes are dirty. - Tus manos están muy frías.
Your hands are very cold. - ¿Estás preparado?
Are you ready? - El abrigo está en el armario.
The coat is in the closet. - Las llaves están aquí.
The keys are here. - ¿Está abierto el supermercado hoy?
Is the supermarket open today? - La Torre Eiffel está en París.
The Eiffel Tower is in Paris. - ¡Estás espectacular!
You look stunning! - El collar está en el cajón.
The necklace is in the drawer. - ¿Por qué estás triste?
Why are you sad? - Si estás preocupado por algo, llámame.
If you are worried about something, call me. - Estoy en el trabajo.
I am at work. - El jersey está en la cama.
The sweater is on the bed. - La taza está demasiado caliente.
The mug is too hot. - La tienda está cerrada.
The store is closed. - ¿Por qué estás enfadado conmigo?
Why are you angry with me? - ¿Estarás en la fiesta de cumpleaños?
Will you be at the birthday party? - Estoy en la playa, ¿y tú?
I'm at the beach, and you? - Él está estudiando en la universidad.
He is studying at the university. - Estoy entusiasmado con mi nuevo trabajo.
I am excited about my new job. - Estoy con Miranda en el cine.
I'm with Miranda at the movies. - ¿Estáis en casa?
Are you at home? - La luz del salón está encendida.
The living room light is on. - El televisor está apagado.
The TV is turned off.
How Estar changes the meaning of an adjective
When reviewing these sentences, keep in mind that mixing up Ser and Estar doesn't just sound grammatically incorrect to a native speaker; it can completely change the meaning of what you are trying to say!
Look at this classic example with the adjective aburrido (boring/bored):
- Soy aburrido: I am a boring person (Permanent characteristic using Ser).
- Estoy aburrido: I am bored right now (Temporary emotion using Estar).
Always pay attention to the context of your sentence. Practice reading the 50 examples above out loud and master the verb estar.